1. Oral Candidiasis is classically characterized by white pseudomembranes in the mouth; when the esophagus is involved, odynophagia is a typical symptom

2. Four Biotypes: gravis, intermedius, mitis, and belfanti All isolates should be tested for toxigenicity Diphtheria Pathogenesis Toxigenic diphtheria bacilli acquired in the nasopharynx Produces a toxin that inhibits cellular protein synthesis, destroys local tissue, and forms a pseudomembrane Responsible for major complications,